This HTML version does not include page and line references. Please use the pdf version for page and line references.
Investigatory Powers (Amendment) Bill [HL]
[As amended in Committee]
CONTENTS
[As amended in Committee]

A

bill

to

Amend the Investigatory Powers Act 2016; to make provision about information supplied by, or relating to, the Judicial Commissioners; and for connected purposes.

B e it enacted by the King’s most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—

Part 1 Bulk personal datasets

Low or no reasonable expectation of privacy

1 Requirement for authorisation

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 199 (bulk personal datasets: interpretation)—

(a)

in subsection (1), in the words before paragraph (a), after “Part” insert
“and Part 7A ”;

(b)

in subsection (2), after “Part” insert “and Part 7A ”.

(3)

In the italic heading before section 200, for “warrant” substitute “authorisation”.

(4)

In section 200 (requirement for authorisation by warrant: general)—

(a)

in subsection (1)—

(i)

the words “by a warrant under this Part” become paragraph
(a);

(ii)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

by an individual authorisation under Part 7A
(low or no reasonable expectation of privacy)
(see section 226B ).”;

(b)

in subsection (2)—

(i)

the words “by a warrant under this Part” become paragraph
(a);

(ii)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

by an individual authorisation under Part 7A .”;

(c)

in the heading, omit “by warrant”.

(5)

In section 201 (exceptions to section 200(1) and (2)), in subsection (3)—

(a)

for “and 220(5)” substitute “, 220(5) and (6) and 226CC (3) ”;

(b)

after “BPD warrants” insert “or authorisations under Part 7A ”.

(6)

After section 201 insert—


“Restriction on use of class BPD warrants etc”.

(7)

In section 220 (initial examinations: time limits)—

(a)

in subsection (2), for step 3 substitute—


“Step 3


If the head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
decides to retain the set and hold it electronically for analysis as
mentioned in step 2, as soon as reasonably practicable after making
that decision—


(a)

apply for a specific BPD warrant (unless the retention of the
dataset is authorised by a class BPD warrant), or


(b)

where the head of the intelligence service, or the person acting
on their behalf, considers that section 226A applies to the
dataset, decide to grant an individual authorisation under Part
7A
.”;

(b)

after subsection (5) insert—


“(6)

If the head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on
their behalf, decides to grant an individual authorisation under
Part 7A in accordance with step 3 (set out in subsection (2))—


(a)

the intelligence service is not to be regarded as in breach
of section 200(1) by virtue of retaining the bulk personal
dataset during any period when a Judicial
Commissioner is deciding whether to approve the
decision to grant the authorisation (see section 226B (5) ),
and


(b)

the intelligence service is not to be regarded as in breach
of section 200(2) by virtue of examining the bulk
personal dataset during that period if the examination
is necessary in connection with obtaining the approval
of a Judicial Commissioner.”

(8)

In section 225 (application of Part 7 to bulk personal datasets obtained under
this Act)—

(a)

in subsection (4)—

(i)

the words “by a class BPD warrant or a specific BPD warrant
under this Part” become paragraph (a);

(ii)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

by an individual authorisation under Part 7A
(low or no reasonable expectation of privacy).”;

(b)

in subsection (13)—

(i)

the words from “apply” to the end become paragraph (a);

(ii)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

decide to grant an individual authorisation under
Part 7A .”

2 Low or no reasonable expectation of privacy


After Part 7 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 insert—


“Part 7A

Bulk personal dataset authorisations


Low or no reasonable expectation of privacy


226A
Bulk personal datasets: low or no reasonable expectation of privacy


(1)

This section applies to a bulk personal dataset if the nature of the bulk
personal dataset is such that the individuals to whom the personal
data relates could have no, or only a low, reasonable expectation of
privacy in relation to the data.


(2)

In considering whether this section applies to a bulk personal dataset,
regard must be had to all the circumstances, including in particular
the factors in subsection  (3) .


(3)

Those factors are—


(a)

the nature of the data;


(b)

the extent to which—


(i)

the data has been made public by the individuals, or


(ii)

the individuals have consented to the data being made
public;


(c)

if the data has been published, the extent to which it was
published subject to editorial control or by a person acting in
accordance with professional standards;


(d)

if the data has been published or is otherwise in the public
domain, the extent to which the data is widely known about;


(e)

the extent to which the data has already been used in the public
domain.


Issue of authorisations


226B
Individual authorisation


(1)

In this Part “an individual authorisation” is an authorisation that
authorises an intelligence service to retain, or to retain and examine,
any bulk personal dataset described in the authorisation.


(2)

See section 200 (requirement for authorisation) for provision about
when an individual authorisation under this Part is required.


(3)

The head of an intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
may grant an individual authorisation where the conditions in
subsections (4) and (5) are met.


This is subject to subsection (6) .


(4)

The condition in this subsection is that the person granting the
authorisation considers that—


(a)

section 226A applies to the bulk personal dataset described in
the authorisation,


(b)

the authorisation is necessary for the purpose of the exercise
of any function of the intelligence service,


(c)

the conduct being authorised is proportionate to what is sought
to be achieved by the conduct, and


(d)

there are for the time being in force arrangements made by the
intelligence service, and approved by the Secretary of State,
for storing bulk personal datasets to which section 226A applies
and for protecting them from unauthorised disclosure.


(5)

The condition in this subsection is that the decision to grant the
authorisation has been approved by a Judicial Commissioner.


(6)

The condition in subsection (5) does not apply where—


(a)

the bulk personal dataset described in the individual
authorisation falls within a category of bulk personal datasets
authorised for the purposes of this Part by a category
authorisation (see section 226BA ), or


(b)

the person granting the individual authorisation considers that
there is an urgent need to grant the authorisation.


(7)

But subsection (6) (a) does not prevent a person granting an individual
authorisation from seeking the approval of a Judicial Commissioner
in a case where subsection (6) (a) applies if the person considers that
it would be appropriate to seek such approval.


(8)

An individual authorisation relating to a bulk personal dataset (“dataset
A”) may also authorise the retention or examination of other bulk
personal datasets (“replacement datasets”) that do not exist at the time
of the grant of the authorisation but may reasonably be regarded as
replacements for dataset A.


226BA
Category authorisation


(1)

In this Part “a category authorisation” is an authorisation that
authorises a category of bulk personal datasets described in the
authorisation for the purposes of this Part.


(2)

The head of an intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
may grant a category authorisation where—


(a)

they consider that section 226A applies to any dataset that falls
within the category of datasets described in the authorisation,
and


(b)

the decision to grant the authorisation has been approved by
a Judicial Commissioner.


(3)

A category authorisation may describe a category of bulk personal
datasets by reference to (among other things) the use to which the
datasets will be put.


226BB
Approval of authorisations by Judicial Commissioners


(1)

In deciding whether to approve a decision to grant an individual
authorisation or a category authorisation, a Judicial Commissioner
must review the conclusions of the person who granted the
authorisation as to the following matters—


(a)

in relation to an individual authorisation, whether section 226A
applies to the bulk personal dataset described in the
authorisation, and


(b)

in relation to a category authorisation, whether section 226A
applies to any dataset that falls within the category of datasets
described in the authorisation.


(2)

In doing so, the Judicial Commissioner must—


(a)

apply the same principles as would be applied by a court on
an application for judicial review, and


(b)

consider the matters referred to in subsection (1) with a
sufficient degree of care as to ensure that the Judicial
Commissioner complies with the duties imposed by section 2
(general duties in relation to privacy).


(3)

Where a Judicial Commissioner refuses to approve a decision to grant
an individual authorisation or a category authorisation, the Judicial
Commissioner must give the person who decided to grant the
authorisation written reasons for the refusal.


(4)

Where a Judicial Commissioner, other than the Investigatory Powers
Commissioner, refuses to approve a decision to grant an individual
authorisation or a category authorisation, the head of the intelligence
service, or a person acting on their behalf, may ask the Investigatory
Powers Commissioner to decide whether to approve the decision to
grant the authorisation.


226BC
Approval of individual authorisations granted in urgent cases


(1)

This section applies where—


(a)

an individual authorisation is granted without the approval of
a Judicial Commissioner, and


(b)

the person who granted the authorisation considered that there
was an urgent need to grant it.


(2)

The person who granted the authorisation must inform a Judicial
Commissioner that it has been granted.


(3)

The Judicial Commissioner must, before the end of the relevant
period—


(a)

decide whether to approve the decision to grant the
authorisation, and


(b)

notify the person who granted the authorisation of the Judicial
Commissioner's decision.


The “relevant period” means the period ending with the third working
day after the day on which the authorisation was granted.


(4)

Subsections (5) to (7) apply if a Judicial Commissioner refuses to
approve the decision to grant an individual authorisation.


(5)

The authorisation—


(a)

ceases to have effect (unless already cancelled), and


(b)

may not be renewed,


and section 226BB (4) does not apply in relation to the refusal to
approve the decision.


(6)

The head of the intelligence service must, so far as is reasonably
practicable, secure that anything in the process of being done in
reliance on the authorisation stops as soon as possible.


(7)

Section 220 (Part 7 initial examinations: time limits) applies in relation
to the bulk personal dataset described in the authorisation as if the
intelligence service had obtained that dataset at the time when the
person who granted the authorisation is notified that the Judicial
Commissioner has refused to approve the decision to grant the
authorisation.


(8)

Nothing in subsection (5) or (6) affects the lawfulness of—


(a)

anything done in reliance on the authorisation before it ceases
to have effect;


(b)

if anything is in the process of being done in reliance on the
authorisation when it ceases to have effect—


(i)

anything done before that thing could be stopped, or


(ii)

anything done that it is not reasonably practicable to
stop.


Duration, renewal and cancellation


226C
Duration of authorisation


(1)

An individual authorisation or a category authorisation ceases to have
effect at the end of the relevant period unless—


(a)

it is renewed before the end of that period (see section 226CA ),
or


(b)

it is cancelled or otherwise ceases to have effect before the end
of that period (see sections 226BC , 226CB , and 226CD ).


(2)

In this section the “relevant period”—


(a)

in the case of an urgent individual authorisation, means the
period ending with the fifth working day after the day on
which the authorisation was granted;


(b)

in any other case, means the period of 12 months beginning
with—


(i)

the day on which the authorisation was granted, or


(ii)

in the case of an authorisation that has been renewed,
the day after the day at the end of which the
authorisation would have ceased to have effect if it had
not been renewed.


(3)

For the purposes of subsection (2) (a) , an individual authorisation is
an “urgent individual authorisation” if—


(a)

the authorisation was granted without the approval of a Judicial
Commissioner, and


(b)

the person who granted the authorisation considered that there
was an urgent need to grant it.


226CA
Renewal of authorisation


(1)

If the renewal conditions are met for an individual authorisation or a
category authorisation, the head of an intelligence service, or a person
acting on their behalf, may, at any time during the renewal period,
renew the authorisation.


(2)

The renewal conditions for an individual authorisation are that—


(a)

the person renewing the authorisation considers that—


(i)

section 226A continues to apply to the bulk personal
dataset described in the authorisation,


(ii)

the authorisation continues to be necessary for the
purpose of the exercise of any function of the
intelligence service,


(iii)

the conduct being authorised continues to be
proportionate to what is sought to be achieved by the
conduct, and


(iv)

there are for the time being in force arrangements made
by the intelligence service, and approved by the
Secretary of State, for storing bulk personal datasets to
which section 226A applies and for protecting them
from unauthorised disclosure, and


(b)

the decision to renew the authorisation has been approved by
a Judicial Commissioner.


(3)

But the condition in subsection (2) (b) does not apply where the bulk
personal dataset described in the individual authorisation falls within
a category of bulk personal datasets authorised for the purposes of
this Part by a category authorisation.


(4)

The renewal conditions for a category authorisation are that—


(a)

the person renewing the authorisation considers that section
226A
continues to apply to any dataset that falls within the
category of datasets described in the authorisation, and


(b)

the decision to renew the authorisation has been approved by
a Judicial Commissioner.


(5)

In this section the “renewal period” means—


(a)

in the case of an urgent individual authorisation which has not
been renewed, the relevant period;


(b)

in the case of an individual authorisation to which section
226CD
(non-renewal or cancellation of category authorisation)
applies, the period of three months ending with the day at the
end of which the authorisation would otherwise cease to have
effect;


(c)

in any other case, the period of 30 days ending with the day
at the end of which the authorisation would otherwise cease
to have effect.


(6)

Section 226BB (approval of authorisations by Judicial Commissioner)
applies in relation to a decision to renew an authorisation under this
section as it applies in relation to a decision to grant an authorisation
under this Part.


(7)

In this section—


the relevant period
has the same meaning as in section 226C ;


urgent individual authorisation
is to be read in accordance with
subsection (3) of that section.


226CB
Cancellation of authorisation


(1)

The head of an intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
may, at any time, cancel an individual authorisation or a category
authorisation.


(2)

If the head of an intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
considers that any of the cancellation conditions are met in relation
to an individual authorisation, or that the cancellation condition is
met in relation to a category authorisation, they must cancel the
authorisation.


(3)

The cancellation conditions for an individual authorisation are—


(a)

that section 226A no longer applies to the dataset described in
the authorisation;


(b)

that the authorisation is no longer necessary for the purpose
of the exercise of any function of the intelligence service;


(c)

that the conduct authorised by the authorisation is no longer
proportionate to what is sought to be achieved by the conduct;


(d)

that there are no longer in force arrangements made by the
intelligence service, and approved by the Secretary of State,
for storing bulk personal datasets to which section 226A applies
and for protecting them from unauthorised disclosure.


(4)

The cancellation condition for a category authorisation is that section
226A
no longer applies to any dataset that falls within the category
of datasets described in the authorisation.


226CC
Non-renewal or cancellation of individual authorisation


(1)

This section applies where an individual authorisation ceases to have
effect because it expires without having been renewed or because it
is cancelled.


(2)

The head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
may, before the end of the period of 5 working days beginning with
the day on which the authorisation ceases to have effect, decide to
grant a new individual authorisation (see section 226B ) to retain, or
to retain and examine, any material retained by the intelligence service
in reliance on the authorisation which has ceased to have effect.


(3)

Where an individual authorisation ceases to have effect because it
expires without having been renewed or because it is cancelled, an
intelligence service is not to be regarded as in breach of section 200(1)
or (2) by virtue of its retention or examination of any material to which
the authorisation related during the following periods—


(a)

the period of 5 working days beginning with the day on which
the authorisation ceases to have effect;


(b)

if the head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on
their behalf, decides to grant a new individual authorisation
as mentioned in subsection (2) , any period when a Judicial
Commissioner is deciding whether to approve the decision.


226CD
Non-renewal or cancellation of category authorisation


(1)

This section applies where—


(a)

a category authorisation ceases to have effect because it expires
without having been renewed or because it is cancelled, and


(b)

an individual authorisation describing a bulk personal dataset
that falls within the category of datasets described in the
category authorisation has been granted without the approval
of a Judicial Commissioner in accordance with section
226B
(6) (a) .


(2)

The individual authorisation ceases to have effect at the end of the
relevant period unless—


(a)

it is renewed before the end of that period, or


(b)

it is cancelled or otherwise ceases to have effect before the end
of that period.


(3)

In this section the “relevant period” means the period of three months
beginning with the day after the day at the end of which the category
authorisation ceased to have effect.


Further and supplementary provision


226D
Section 226A ceasing to apply to part of bulk personal dataset


(1)

Subsections (2) to (4) apply where—


(a)

an individual authorisation is granted under this Part in relation
to any bulk personal dataset, and


(b)

in the course of examining the dataset in accordance with the
authorisation, the head of the intelligence service, or a person
acting on their behalf, believes that section 226A does not apply,
or no longer applies, to part of the dataset.


(2)

The head of the intelligence service must, so far as is reasonably
practicable, secure that anything in the process of being done in relation
to that part of the bulk personal dataset in reliance on the authorisation
stops as soon as possible.


(3)

Section 220 (Part 7 initial examinations: time limits) applies in relation
to that part of the bulk personal dataset as if the intelligence service
had obtained that part of the dataset at the time when the head of the
intelligence service, or the person acting on their behalf, first formed
the beliefs mentioned in subsection (1) (b) .


(4)

The individual authorisation in relation to that part of the bulk personal
dataset is to be treated as if it had been cancelled under section 226CB
at that time.


(5)

Nothing in this section affects the lawfulness of—


(a)

anything done in reliance on the authorisation before it ceases
to have effect;


(b)

if anything is in the process of being done in reliance on the
authorisation when it ceases to have effect—


(i)

anything done before that thing could be stopped, or


(ii)

anything done that it is not reasonably practicable to
stop.


226DA
Annual report


(1)

The head of each intelligence service must provide an annual report
to the Secretary of State about the bulk personal datasets that were
authorised under this Part to be retained, or retained and examined,
by the intelligence service during the period to which the report relates.


(2)

The first report must relate to a period of at least one year and no
more than two years, beginning with the day on which this Part comes
fully into force.


(3)

Subsequent reports must relate to a period of no more than one year,
beginning with the end of the period to which the previous report
related.


(4)

Each report must be provided to the Secretary of State as soon as
reasonably practicable after the end of the period to which the report
relates.


226DB
Part 7A : interpretation


(1)

In this Part—


category authorisation
has the meaning given by section
226BA
(1) ;


individual authorisation
has the meaning given by section
226B
(1) .


(2)

See also—


section 199 (bulk personal datasets: interpretation),


section 263 (general definitions),


section 265 (index of defined expressions).


(3)

For the purposes of this Part, only a person holding office under the
Crown may act on behalf of the head of an intelligence service.”

Bulk personal dataset warrants

3 Duration of bulk personal dataset warrants

(1)

In section 213 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (duration of warrants),
in subsection (2)(b), for “6 months” substitute “12 months”.

(2)

The amendment made by subsection (1) has effect only in relation to a warrant
that is issued or renewed under Part 7 of that Act on or after the day on
which this section comes into force.

(3)

In subsection (2) “warrant” has the same meaning as in section 213(2)(b) of
that Act.

4 Agency head functions

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 202 (restriction on use of class BPD warrants)—

(a)

in subsections (1) and (2), after “head of the intelligence service” insert
“, or a person acting on their behalf,”;

(b)

in subsection (3)—

(i)

after “head of the intelligence service”, in the first place it
occurs, insert “, or a person acting on their behalf,”;

(ii)

omit “by the head of the intelligence service”;

(c)

after subsection (4) insert—


“(5)

For the purposes of subsections (1), (2) and (3), only a person
holding office under the Crown may act on behalf of the head
of an intelligence service.”

(3)

In section 206 (additional safeguards for health records)—

(a)

in subsections (4)(b) and (5)(a) and (b), after “head of the intelligence
service” insert “, or a person acting on their behalf,”;

(b)

after subsection (7) insert—


“(8)

For the purposes of subsections (4)(b) and (5), only a person
holding office under the Crown may act on behalf of the head
of an intelligence service.”

(4)

In section 219 (non-renewal or cancellation of BPD warrants)—

(a)

in subsection (2), after “addressed” insert “, or a person acting on their
behalf,”;

(b)

in the following provisions, after “the head of the intelligence service”
insert “, or a person acting on their behalf,”—

(i)

subsection (2)(b);

(ii)

subsection (7), in both places it occurs;

(iii)

subsection (8), in both places it occurs;

(c)

after subsection (8) insert—


“(9)

For the purposes of subsections (2), (7) and (8), only a person
holding office under the Crown may act on behalf of the head
of an intelligence service.”

(5)

In section 220 (initial examinations: time limits)—

(a)

in the following provisions, after “head of the intelligence service”
insert “, or a person acting on their behalf,”—

(i)

subsection (1)(b);

(ii)

subsection (2);

(iii)

subsection (3);

(iv)

subsection (5);

(b)

after subsection (6) (inserted by section 1 ) insert—


“(7)

For the purposes of this section, only a person holding office
under the Crown may act on behalf of the head of an
intelligence service.”

(6)

In section 225 (application of Part 7 to bulk personal datasets obtained under
this Act)—

(a)

in subsection (3), after “head of the intelligence service” insert “, or a
person acting on their behalf”;

(b)

in subsection (13), after “head of an intelligence service” insert “, or a
person acting on their behalf,”;

(c)

after subsection (14) insert—


“(15)

For the purposes of subsections (3) and (13), only a person
holding office under the Crown may act on behalf of the head
of an intelligence service.”

Third party bulk personal datasets

5 Third party bulk personal datasets


After Part 7A of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (as inserted by section 2
) insert—


“Part 7B

Third party bulk personal datasets


Interpretation


226E
Third party bulk personal datasets: interpretation


(1)

For the purposes of this Part, an intelligence service examines a third
party bulk personal dataset if—


(a)

the intelligence service has relevant access, whether on payment
or otherwise, to a set of information that is held electronically
by a person other than an intelligence service,


(b)

the set includes personal data relating to a number of
individuals,


(c)

the nature of the set is such that the majority of the individuals
are not, and are unlikely to become, of interest to the
intelligence service in the exercise of its functions, and


(d)

after any initial inspection of the contents (see section 226I ),
the intelligence service examines the set electronically (but does
not obtain the set) for the purpose of the exercise of its
functions.


(2)

For the purposes of subsection (1) (a) , an intelligence service has
“relevant access” to a set of information that is held electronically by
another person where—


(a)

the access is made available to the intelligence service as a
result of arrangements made directly between the intelligence
service and that other person,


(b)

the type and extent of the access available to the intelligence
service is not generally available (whether on a commercial
basis or otherwise), and


(c)

the access is electronic.


Requirement for warrant


226F
Requirement for authorisation by warrant


(1)

An intelligence service may not exercise a power to examine a third
party bulk personal dataset unless the examination of the dataset is
authorised by a third party BPD warrant.


(2)

A “third party BPD warrant” is a warrant issued under this Part
authorising an intelligence service to examine any third party bulk
personal dataset described in the warrant.


(3)

A third party BPD warrant may authorise the examination of a bulk
personal dataset—


(a)

the content of which may vary from time to time, or


(b)

that does not exist at the time of the issue of the warrant.


226FA
Exceptions to section 226F (1)


(1)

Section 226F (1) does not apply to the exercise of a power of an
intelligence service to examine a third party bulk personal dataset if
the intelligence service examines the bulk personal dataset under any
other warrant or authorisation issued or given under this Act.


(2)

See section 226I (5) (initial inspection) for a further exception to 226F (1) .


Issue of warrants


226G
Application for third party BPD warrant


(1)

The head of an intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
may apply to the Secretary of State for a third party BPD warrant.


(2)

The application must include a general description of the bulk personal
dataset (or datasets) to which the application relates.


(3)

Where the person making the application knows that subsection (6)
applies to any bulk personal dataset to which the application relates,
the application must also include a statement to that effect.


(4)

The Secretary of State may issue the warrant if—


(a)

the Secretary of State considers that the warrant is necessary—


(i)

in the interests of national security,


(ii)

for the purposes of preventing or detecting serious
crime, or


(iii)

in the interests of the economic well-being of the United
Kingdom so far as those interests are also relevant to
the interests of national security,


(b)

the Secretary of State considers that the conduct authorised by
the warrant is proportionate to what is sought to be achieved
by the conduct,


(c)

the Secretary of State considers that the arrangements made
by the intelligence service for examining the bulk personal
dataset (or datasets) to which the application relates are
satisfactory, and


(d)

except where the Secretary of State considers that there is an
urgent need to issue the warrant, the decision to issue the
warrant has been approved by a Judicial Commissioner.


(5)

The fact that a third party BPD warrant would authorise the
examination of bulk personal datasets relating to activities in the British
Islands of a trade union is not, of itself, sufficient to establish that the
warrant is necessary on grounds falling within subsection (4) (a) .


(6)

This subsection applies to a bulk personal dataset if—


(a)

the dataset consists of, or includes, protected data or health
records,


(b)

a substantial proportion of the dataset consists of sensitive
personal data, or


(c)

the nature of the dataset, or the circumstances in which it was
created, is or are such that its examination by the intelligence
service is likely to raise novel or contentious issues.


(7)

In this section—


health record
means a record, or a copy of a record which—


(a)

consists of information relating to the physical or mental
health or condition of an individual,


(b)

was made by or on behalf of a health professional in
connection with the care of that individual, and


(c)

was obtained, by the person (mentioned in section
226E
(1) (a) ) who holds the dataset, from a health
professional or a health service body or from a person
acting on behalf of a health professional or a health
service body in relation to the record or the copy;


sensitive personal data
has the meaning given by section 202(4).


(8)

In subsection (7) , “health professional” and “health service body” have
the meaning given by section 206(7).


(9)

An application for a third party BPD warrant may only be made on
behalf of the head of an intelligence service by a person holding office
under the Crown.


226GA
Approval of warrants by Judicial Commissioners


(1)

In deciding whether to approve a decision to issue a third party BPD
warrant, a Judicial Commissioner must review the Secretary of State's
conclusions as to the following matters—


(a)

whether the warrant is necessary on grounds falling within
section 226G (4) (a) , and


(b)

whether the conduct that would be authorised by the warrant
is proportionate to what is sought to be achieved by that
conduct.


(2)

In doing so, the Judicial Commissioner must—


(a)

apply the same principles as would be applied by a court on
an application for judicial review, and


(b)

consider the matters referred to in subsection (1) with a
sufficient degree of care as to ensure that the Judicial
Commissioner complies with the duties imposed by section 2
(general duties in relation to privacy).


(3)

Where a Judicial Commissioner refuses to approve a decision to issue
a third party BPD warrant, the Judicial Commissioner must give the
Secretary of State written reasons for the refusal.


(4)

Where a Judicial Commissioner, other than the Investigatory Powers
Commissioner, refuses to approve a decision to issue a third party
BPD warrant, the Secretary of State may ask the Investigatory Powers
Commissioner to decide whether to approve the decision to issue the
warrant.


226GB
Approval of third party BPD warrants issued in urgent cases


(1)

This section applies where—


(a)

a third party BPD warrant is issued without the approval of a
Judicial Commissioner, and


(b)

the Secretary of State considered that there was an urgent need
to issue it.


(2)

The Secretary of State must inform a Judicial Commissioner that it
has been issued.


(3)

The Judicial Commissioner must, before the end of the relevant
period—


(a)

decide whether to approve the decision to issue the warrant,
and


(b)

notify the Secretary of State of the Judicial Commissioner's
decision.


The “relevant period” means the period ending with the third working
day after the day on which the warrant was issued.


(4)

Subsections (5) and (6) apply if a Judicial Commissioner refuses to
approve the decision to issue a third party BPD warrant.


(5)

The warrant—


(a)

ceases to have effect (unless already cancelled), and


(b)

may not be renewed,


and section 226GA (4) does not apply in relation to the refusal to
approve the decision.


(6)

The head of the intelligence service to whom the warrant was
addressed must, so far as is reasonably practicable, secure that anything
in the process of being done in reliance on the warrant stops as soon
as possible.


(7)

Nothing in subsection (5) or (6) affects the lawfulness of—


(a)

anything done in reliance on the warrant before it ceases to
have effect;


(b)

if anything is in the process of being done in reliance on the
warrant when it ceases to have effect—


(i)

anything done before that thing could be stopped, or


(ii)

anything done that it is not reasonably practicable to
stop.


226GC
Decisions to issue warrants to be taken personally by Secretary of
State


(1)

The decision to issue a third party BPD warrant must be taken
personally by the Secretary of State.


(2)

Before a third party BPD warrant is issued, it must be signed by the
Secretary of State.


(3)

But if it is not reasonably practicable for a third party BPD warrant
to be signed by the Secretary of State, it may be signed by a senior
official designated by the Secretary of State for that purpose.


(4)

In such a case, the warrant must contain a statement that—


(a)

it is not reasonably practicable for the warrant to be signed by
the Secretary of State, and


(b)

the Secretary of State has personally and expressly authorised
the issue of the warrant.


226GD
Requirements that must be met by warrants


A third party BPD warrant must—


(a)

be addressed to the head of the intelligence service by whom,
or on whose behalf, the application for the warrant was made,
and


(b)

include a general description of the bulk personal dataset (or
datasets) to which the warrant relates.


Duration, renewal and cancellation


226H
Duration of warrants


(1)

A third party BPD warrant ceases to have effect at the end of the
relevant period unless—


(a)

it is renewed before the end of that period (see section 226HA ),
or


(b)

it is cancelled or otherwise ceases to have effect before the end
of that period (see sections 226GB and 226HB ).


(2)

In this section “the relevant period”—


(a)

in the case of an urgent third party BPD warrant, means the
period ending with the fifth working day after the day on
which the warrant was issued, and


(b)

in any other case, means the period of 12 months beginning
with—


(i)

the day on which the warrant was issued, or


(ii)

in the case of a warrant that has been renewed, the day
after the day at the end of which the warrant would
have ceased to have effect if it had not been renewed.


(3)

For the purposes of this section, a third party BPD warrant is an
“urgent third party BPD warrant” if—


(a)

the warrant was issued without the approval of a Judicial
Commissioner, and


(b)

the Secretary of State considered that there was an urgent need
to issue it.


226HA
Renewal of warrants


(1)

If the renewal conditions are met, a third party BPD warrant may be
renewed, at any time during the renewal period, by an instrument
issued by the Secretary of State.


(2)

The renewal conditions are—


(a)

that the Secretary of State considers that the warrant continues
to be necessary on grounds falling within section 226G (4) (a) ,


(b)

that the Secretary of State considers that the conduct that would
be authorised by the renewed warrant continues to be
proportionate to what is sought to be achieved by the conduct,
and


(c)

that the decision to renew the warrant has been approved by
a Judicial Commissioner.


(3)

In this section the “renewal period” means—


(a)

in the case of an urgent third party BPD warrant which has
not been renewed, the relevant period;


(b)

in any other case, the period of 30 days ending with the day
at the end of which the warrant would otherwise cease to have
effect.


(4)

The decision to renew a third party BPD warrant must be taken
personally by the Secretary of State, and the instrument renewing the
warrant must be signed by the Secretary of State.


(5)

Section 226GA (approval of warrants by Judicial Commissioner) applies
in relation to a decision to renew a warrant as it applies in relation to
a decision to issue a warrant.


(6)

In this section—


the relevant period
has the same meaning as in section 226H ;


urgent third party BPD warrant
is to be read in accordance
with subsection (3) of that section.


226HB
Cancellation of warrants


(1)

The Secretary of State, or a senior official acting on behalf of the
Secretary of State, may cancel a third party BPD warrant at any time.


(2)

If the Secretary of State, or a senior official acting on behalf of the
Secretary of State, considers that any of the cancellation conditions
are met in relation to a third party BPD warrant, the person must
cancel the warrant.


(3)

The cancellation conditions are—


(a)

that the warrant is no longer necessary on any grounds falling
within section 226G (4) (a) ;


(b)

that the conduct authorised by the warrant is no longer
proportionate to what is sought to be achieved by that conduct.


226HC
Non-renewal or cancellation of third party BPD warrant


(1)

This section applies where a third party BPD warrant ceases to have
effect because it expires without having been renewed or because it
is cancelled.


(2)

The head of the intelligence service to whom the warrant was
addressed must, so far as is reasonably practicable, secure that anything
in the process of being done in reliance on the warrant stops as soon
as possible.


(3)

Nothing in this section affects the lawfulness of—


(a)

anything done in reliance on the warrant before it ceases to
have effect;


(b)

if anything is in the process of being done in reliance on the
warrant when it ceases to have effect—


(i)

anything done before that thing could be stopped, or


(ii)

anything done that it is not reasonably practicable to
stop.


Further and supplementary provision


226I
Initial inspection


(1)

This section applies where—


(a)

an intelligence service has relevant access, whether on payment
or otherwise, to a set of information that is held electronically
by a person other than an intelligence service,


(b)

the intelligence service is considering examining the set of
information electronically for the purpose of the exercise of its
functions,


(c)

the examination would be otherwise than in the exercise of a
power conferred by a warrant or other authorisation issued or
given under this Act, and


(d)

the head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their
behalf, believes that—


(i)

the set includes, or may include, personal data relating
to a number of individuals, and


(ii)

the nature of the set is, or may be, such that the majority
of the individuals are not, and are unlikely to become,
of interest to the intelligence service in the exercise of
its functions.


(2)

The head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
may carry out an initial inspection of the contents of the set for the
purpose of deciding whether, if the intelligence service were to examine
it after that initial inspection—


(a)

the intelligence service would be examining a third party bulk
personal dataset (see section 226E ), and


(b)

such examination would be necessary and proportionate in all
the circumstances.


(3)

Subsection (4) applies if, after the initial inspection is carried out, the
head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
decides that—


(a)

the intelligence service would be examining a third party bulk
personal dataset (as mentioned in subsection (2) (a) ), and


(b)

such examination would be necessary and proportionate in all
the circumstances.


(4)

The head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
must—


(a)

decide whether to examine the third party bulk personal
dataset, and


(b)

if they decide to do so, apply for a third party BPD warrant.


(5)

If the head of the intelligence service, or a person acting on their behalf,
applies for such a third party BPD warrant, the intelligence service is
not to be regarded as in breach of section 226F (1) by virtue of
examining the bulk personal dataset if the examination is necessary
for the purposes of the making of the application for the warrant.


(6)

For the purposes of subsection (1) (a) , “relevant access” is to be read
in accordance with section 226E (2) .


(7)

For the purposes of this section, only a person holding office under
the Crown may act on behalf of the head of an intelligence service.


226IA
Safeguards relating to examination of third party bulk personal
datasets


(1)

The Secretary of State must ensure, in relation to every third party
BPD warrant which authorises the examination of a bulk personal
dataset, that arrangements are in force for securing that any
examination of data contained in the dataset is necessary and
proportionate in all the circumstances.


(2)

In doing so, the Secretary of State must in particular have regard to
the information that is reasonably available to the intelligence services
in relation to the examination of such data.


226IB
Additional safeguards for items subject to legal privilege: examination


(1)

Subsections (2) and (3) apply if, in a case where protected data
contained in a third party bulk personal dataset is to be examined in
reliance on a third party BPD warrant—


(a)

the purpose, or one of the purposes, of using the criteria to be
used for the examination of the data (“the relevant criteria”) is
to identify any items subject to legal privilege, or


(b)

the use of the relevant criteria is likely to identify such items.


(2)

If the relevant criteria are referable to an individual known to be in
the British Islands at the time of the examination, the data may be
examined using the relevant criteria only if the Secretary of State has
approved the use of those criteria.


(3)

In any other case, the data may be examined using the relevant criteria
only if a senior official acting on behalf of the Secretary of State has
approved the use of those criteria.


(4)

The Secretary of State may give approval for the purposes of subsection
(2)
only with the approval of a Judicial Commissioner.


(5)

Approval may be given under subsection (2) or (3) only if, where
subsection (1) (a) applies, the Secretary of State or (as the case may be)
the senior official considers that there are exceptional and compelling
circumstances that make it necessary to authorise the use of the
relevant criteria.


(6)

In deciding whether to give an approval under subsection (2) or (3)
in a case where subsection (1) (a) applies, the Secretary of State or (as
the case may be) the senior official must have regard to the public
interest in the confidentiality of items subject to legal privilege.


(7)

For the purposes of subsection (5) , there cannot be exceptional and
compelling circumstances that make it necessary to authorise the use
of the relevant criteria unless—


(a)

the public interest in obtaining the information that would be
obtained by the examination of the data outweighs the public
interest in the confidentiality of items subject to legal privilege,


(b)

there are no other means by which the information may
reasonably be obtained, and


(c)

obtaining the information is necessary in the interests of
national security or for the purpose of preventing death or
significant injury.


(8)

In deciding whether to give approval for the purposes of subsection
(4)
, the Judicial Commissioner must—


(a)

apply the same principles as would be applied by a court on
an application for judicial review, and


(b)

consider the matter with a sufficient degree of care as to ensure
that the Judicial Commissioner complies with the duties
imposed by section 2 (general duties in relation to privacy).


(9)

Subsections (10) and (11) apply if, in a case where protected data
contained in a third party bulk personal dataset is to be examined in
reliance on a third party BPD warrant—


(a)

the purpose, or one of the purposes, of using the criteria to be
used for the examination of the data (“the relevant criteria”) is
to identify data that, if the data or any underlying material
were not created or held with the intention of furthering a
criminal purpose, would be an item subject to legal privilege,
and


(b)

the person to whom the warrant is addressed considers that
the data (“the targeted data”) or any underlying material is
likely to be data or underlying material created or held with
the intention of furthering a criminal purpose.


(10)

If the relevant criteria are referable to an individual known to be in
the British Islands at the time of the examination, the data may be
examined using the relevant criteria only if the Secretary of State has
approved the use of those criteria.


(11)

In any other case, the data may be examined using the relevant criteria
only if a senior official acting on behalf of the Secretary of State has
approved the use of those criteria.


(12)

Approval may be given under subsection (10) or (11) only if the
Secretary of State or (as the case may be) the senior official considers
that the targeted data or the underlying material is likely to be data
or underlying material created or held with the intention of furthering
a criminal purpose.


(13)

In this section “underlying material”, in relation to data contained in
a third party bulk personal dataset that is to be examined in reliance
on a third party BPD warrant, means any communications or other
items of information from which the data was produced.


226IC
Additional safeguards for items subject to legal privilege: retention
following examination


(1)

Subsection (2) applies where—


(a)

an intelligence service examines a third party bulk personal
dataset in reliance on a third party BPD warrant,


(b)

as part of the examination, the intelligence service examines
an item subject to legal privilege,


(c)

the intelligence service retains the item, and


(d)

the retention of the item may not be authorised by a warrant
under Part 7 (bulk personal dataset warrants).


(2)

The person to whom the third party BPD warrant (mentioned in
subsection (1) (a) ) is addressed must inform the Investigatory Powers
Commissioner as soon as reasonably practicable after retaining the
item.


(3)

Unless the Investigatory Powers Commissioner considers that
subsection (5) applies to the item, the Commissioner must—


(a)

direct that the item is destroyed, or


(b)

impose one or more conditions as to the use or retention of
that item.


(4)

If the Investigatory Powers Commissioner considers that subsection
(5)
applies to the item, the Commissioner may nevertheless impose
such conditions under subsection (3) (b) as the Commissioner considers
necessary for the purpose of protecting the public interest in the
confidentiality of items subject to legal privilege.


(5)

This subsection applies to an item subject to legal privilege if—


(a)

the public interest in retaining the item outweighs the public
interest in the confidentiality of items subject to legal privilege,
and


(b)

retaining the item is necessary in the interests of national
security or for the purpose of preventing death or significant
injury.


(6)

The Investigatory Powers Commissioner—


(a)

may require an affected party to make representations about
how the Commissioner should exercise any function under
subsection (3) , and


(b)

must have regard to any such representations made by an
affected party (whether or not as a result of a requirement
imposed under paragraph (a) ).


(7)

Each of the following is an “affected party” for the purposes of
subsection (6)


(a)

the Secretary of State;


(b)

the person to whom the third party BPD warrant is or was
addressed.


226ID
Offence of breaching safeguards relating to examination of material


(1)

A person commits an offence if—


(a)

the person examines, in reliance on a third party BPD warrant,
any data contained in a third party bulk personal dataset,


(b)

the person knows or believes that the examination of that data
is in breach of the requirement specified in subsection (2) , and


(c)

the person deliberately examines that data in breach of that
requirement.


(2)

The requirement specified in this subsection is that any examination
of the data is necessary and proportionate.


(3)

A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable—


(a)

on summary conviction in England and Wales, to imprisonment
for a term not exceeding the general limit in a magistrates’
court, to a fine or to both;


(b)

on summary conviction in Scotland, to imprisonment for a
term not exceeding 12 months, to a fine not exceeding the
statutory maximum or to both;


(c)

on summary conviction in Northern Ireland, to imprisonment
for a term not exceeding 6 months, to a fine not exceeding the
statutory maximum or to both;


(d)

on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding 2 years, to a fine or to both.


(4)

No proceedings for any offence which is an offence by virtue of this
section may be instituted—


(a)

in England and Wales, except by or with the consent of the
Director of Public Prosecutions;


(b)

in Northern Ireland, except by or with the consent of the
Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland.


226IE
Part 7B : interpretation


(1)

In this Part—


personal data
has the same meaning as in Part 7 (see section
199(2));


protected data
has the same meaning as in Part 7 (see section
203);


senior official
means a member of the Senior Civil Service or a
member of the Senior Management Structure of His Majesty’s
Diplomatic Service;


third party BPD warrant
has the meaning given by section 226F .


(3)

See also—


section 263 (general definitions),


section 265 (index of defined expressions).”

Minor and consequential amendments

6 Minor and consequential amendments

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended in accordance with subsections
(2)
and (3) .

(2)

In section 1 (overview of Act), in subsection (6)—

(a)

in the words before paragraph (a), for “Parts 2 to 7” substitute “Parts
2 to 7B ”;

(b)

in paragraph (e)—

(i)

for “Part 7 deals” substitute “Parts 7 to 7B deal”;

(ii)

after “warrants” insert “and authorisations”.

(3)

In section 2 (general duties in relation to privacy), in subsection (1)—

(a)

in paragraph (a), for “or 7” substitute “, 7 or 7B ”;

(b)

omit the “or” after paragraph (j);

(c)

after that paragraph insert—


“(ja)

to grant, renew or cancel an authorisation under Part
7A
,


(jb)

to approve a decision to grant or renew such an
authorisation, or”;

(d)

in paragraph (k), for “or (i)” substitute “, (i) or (ja) ”.

(4)

Section 65 of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (the Tribunal)
is amended as follows.

(5)

In subsection (5)—

(a)

after paragraph (czh) insert—


“(czha)

the granting or renewal of an authorisation under Part
7A
of that Act (low or no expectation of privacy bulk
personal datasets);


(czhb)

the issue, renewal or service of a warrant under Part
7B
of that Act (third party bulk personal datasets);”;

(b)

in paragraph (czl)(i)—

(i)

for “or 7” substitute “, 7 or 7B ”;

(ii)

after “Part 3” insert “or 7A ”.

(6)

In subsection (7ZB), after “(czh)” insert “, (czha) , (czhb) ”.

(7)

In subsection (8)—

(a)

in paragraph (a), for “or 7” substitute “, 7 or 7B ”;

(b)

after paragraph (bb) insert—


“(bba)

an authorisation under Part 7A of that Act;”.

Part 2 Oversight arrangements

7 Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioners

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 227 (Investigatory Powers Commissioner and other Judicial
Commissioners), after subsection (6) insert—


“(6A)

The Investigatory Powers Commissioner may appoint up to two
persons who are Judicial Commissioners to be Deputy Investigatory
Powers Commissioners.


(6B)

A person appointed as a Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner
continues to be a Judicial Commissioner.”

(3)

In section 228 (terms and conditions of appointment), after subsection (5)
insert—


“(6)

A person ceases to be a Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner
if—


(a)

the person ceases to be a Judicial Commissioner,


(b)

the Investigatory Powers Commissioner removes the person
from being a Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner, or


(c)

the person resigns as a Deputy Investigatory Powers
Commissioner.”

(4)

In section 263(1) (general definitions), at the appropriate place insert—

““
Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner
means a person appointed under section 227 (6A) (and the expression is also to be read in accordance with section 227(13) (b) ),”.

(5)

In section 265 (index of defined expressions), in the table, at the appropriate
place insert—


“Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner


Section 263(1)”.

8 Delegation of functions

(1)

Section 227 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (Investigatory Powers
Commissioner and other Judicial Commissioners) is amended in accordance
with subsections (2) to (6) .

(2)

For subsections (8) and (9) substitute—


“(8)

The Investigatory Powers Commissioner may, to such extent as the
Investigatory Powers Commissioner may decide, delegate the exercise
of functions of the Investigatory Powers Commissioner to—


(a)

a Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner, or


(b)

any other Judicial Commissioner.


This is subject to subsections (8A) to (8C) .


(8A)

Subsection (8) (a) applies to the function of the Investigatory Powers
Commissioner of—


(a)

making a recommendation under subsection (4)(e),


(b)

making an appointment under section 228A (2) or 247(1), or


(c)

deciding—


(i)

an appeal against, or a review of, a decision made by
another Judicial Commissioner, and


(ii)

any action to take as a result,


only where the Investigatory Powers Commissioner is unable or
unavailable to exercise the function for any reason.


(8B)

Subsection (8) (b) does not apply to any function of the Investigatory
Powers Commissioner mentioned in subsection (8A) .


(8C)

Subsection (8) does not apply to the function of the Investigatory
Powers Commissioner of making an appointment under subsection
(6A)
.


(8D)

Where there are two Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioners,
the power in subsection (8) (a) may, in particular, be used to delegate
to one Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner the exercise of the
function of the Investigatory Powers Commissioner of deciding—


(a)

an appeal against, or a review of, a decision made by the other
Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner, and


(b)

any action to take as a result.”

(3)

Omit subsection (9A) (authorisations for obtaining communications data).

(4)

After subsection (10) insert—


“(10A)

Where—


(a)

the exercise of a function of the Investigatory Powers
Commissioner mentioned in subsection (8A) (c) is delegated to
a Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner in accordance
with subsection (8) (a) , and


(b)

the Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner decides the
appeal or review (and any action to take as a result),


no further appeal, or request for a further review, may be made to
the Investigatory Powers Commissioner in relation to the decision of
the Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner.”

(5)

In subsection (13), for paragraph (b) substitute—


“(b)

to the Investigatory Powers Commissioner are to be read—


(i)

so far as necessary for the purposes of subsection (8) (a)
, as references to the Investigatory Powers Commissioner
or any Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner, and


(ii)

so far as necessary for the purposes of subsection (8) (b)
, as references to the Investigatory Powers Commissioner
or any other Judicial Commissioner.”

(6)

After subsection (13) insert—


“(14)

In this section a reference to deciding an appeal against, or a review
of, a decision made by a Judicial Commissioner includes a reference
to deciding whether to approve a decision that the Judicial
Commissioner has refused to approve.”

(7)

In section 238(6)(a) of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (funding, staff and
facilities etc), after “section”, in the second place it occurs, insert “227 (6A) ,
228A
(2) or”.

9 Temporary Judicial Commissioners


After section 228 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (but before the italic
heading before section 229) insert—


“228A
Temporary Judicial Commissioners


(1)

The power in subsection (2) is exercisable where the Investigatory
Powers Commissioner and the Secretary of State consider that—


(a)

as a result of exceptional circumstances, there is a shortage of
persons able to carry out Judicial Commissioner functions, and


(b)

the power in subsection (2) needs to be exercised in order to
deal with that shortage.


(2)

The Investigatory Powers Commissioner may appoint one or more
persons to carry out Judicial Commissioner functions.


(3)

A person appointed under subsection (2) is referred to in this section
as a “temporary Judicial Commissioner”.


(4)

A temporary Judicial Commissioner may be appointed under
subsection (2) for one or more terms not exceeding six months each
and not exceeding three years in total.


(5)

As soon as practicable after the appointment of any temporary Judicial
Commissioner, the Investigatory Powers Commissioner must notify
the following persons of the appointment—


(a)

the Prime Minister;


(b)

the Secretary of State;


(c)

the Lord Chancellor;


(d)

the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales;


(e)

the Lord President of the Court of Session;


(f)

the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland.


(6)

A reference to a Judicial Commissioner in any enactment (including
this Act) is to be read (so far as the context allows) as referring also
to a temporary Judicial Commissioner.


(7)

But subsections (1) and (4) to (6) of section 227 and section 228(2)
(appointment requirements etc) do not apply in relation to temporary
Judicial Commissioners.


(8)

In this section “Judicial Commissioner functions” means the functions
conferred on Judicial Commissioners by any enactment (including this
Act).”

10 Main functions of the Investigatory Powers Commissioner

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 229 (main oversight functions)—

(a)

in subsection (3), omit paragraph (c) (prevention or restriction of use
of communication devices by prisoners etc);

(b)

after subsection (3D) insert—


“(3E)

The Investigatory Powers Commissioner must keep under
review (including by way of audit, inspection and investigation)
compliance by any part of His Majesty’s forces, or by any part
of the Ministry of Defence, with policies governing—


(a)

the use of surveillance outside the United Kingdom,
and


(b)

the use and conduct of covert human intelligence
sources outside the United Kingdom,


(whether or not authorised under the Regulation of
Investigatory Powers Act 2000).”

(3)

In section 230 (additional directed oversight functions), in subsection (1)—

(a)

omit the “or” after paragraph (b);

(b)

after paragraph (c) insert “, or


(d)

any public authority not mentioned in paragraphs (a)
to (c), or any part of such an authority, so far as
engaging in intelligence activities.”

(4)

In section 231 (error reporting)—

(a)

in subsection (9)(b), for “code of practice under Schedule 7” substitute
“relevant code of practice”;

(b)

after subsection (9) insert—


“(10)

In subsection (9) “relevant code of practice” means a code of
practice under—


(a)

Schedule 7,


(b)

the Police Act 1997,


(c)

the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000, or


(d)

the Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Scotland) Act
2000.”

Part 3 Communications data etc

Communications data

11 Offence of unlawfully obtaining communications data

(1)

Section 11 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (offence of unlawfully
obtaining communications data) is amended in accordance with subsections
(2)
and (3) .

(2)

In subsection (1) for the words from “from” to the end substitute “from—


(a)

a telecommunications operator which is not a public authority,
or


(b)

a postal operator,


is guilty of an offence.”

(3)

After subsection (3) insert—


“(3A)

The following are examples of cases where a relevant person has
lawful authority to obtain communications data from a
telecommunications operator or postal operator—


(a)

where the relevant person’s obtaining of the communications
data is lawful for all purposes in accordance with section 81(1);


(b)

any other case where the relevant person obtains the
communications data in the exercise of a statutory power of
the relevant public authority;


(c)

where the operator lawfully provides the communications data
to the relevant person otherwise than pursuant to the exercise
of a statutory power of the relevant public authority (whether
or not in the exercise of a statutory power to disclose);


(d)

where the communications data is obtained in accordance with
a court order or other judicial authorisation;


(e)

where the communications data had been published before the
relevant person obtained it;


(f)

where the communications data is obtained by the relevant
person for the purpose of enabling, or facilitating, the making
of a response to a call made to the emergency services.


(3B)

In subsection (3A)—


emergency services
means—


(a)

police, fire, rescue and ambulance services, and


(b)

His Majesty's Coastguard;


publish
means make available to the public or a section of the
public (whether or not on a commercial basis).”

(4)

In section 6 of that Act, in the heading, at the end insert “in relation to
interceptions”.

(5)

The amendments made by subsections (1) to (3) have effect only in relation
to the obtaining of communications data after this section comes into force.

12 Meaning of “communications data”: subscriber details

(1)

Section 261 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (telecommunications
definitions) is amended as follows.

(2)

In subsection (5), in the words after paragraph (c), after “but” insert “(subject
to subsection (5A))”.

(3)

After subsection (5) insert—


“(5A)

In subsection (5) the words after paragraph (c) do not apply to entity
data which is about an entity to which a telecommunications service
is provided and—


(a)

may be used to identify, or assist in identifying, that entity, or


(b)

may be used to identify, or assist in identifying, the location
of that entity.”

13 Powers to obtain communications data

(1)

Section 12 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (abolition or restriction of
certain powers to obtain communications data) is amended in accordance
with subsections (2) to (6) .

(2)

In subsection (2)(b) omit “and is not a regulatory power or a relevant postal
power”.

(3)

In subsection (2A), at the end insert “and subsection (2B)”.

(4)

After subsection (2A) insert—


“(2B)

Subsection (2) does not apply to the exercise, otherwise than in the
course of a criminal investigation, of a general information power
which is a regulatory or supervisory power.


(2C)

For the purposes of subsection (2B) , “criminal investigation” means
an investigation of any criminal conduct, including—


(a)

an investigation of alleged or suspected criminal conduct, and


(b)

an investigation of whether criminal conduct has taken place.


(2D)

For the purposes of subsection (2B) , the exercise of a general
information power which is a regulatory or supervisory power is
treated as not being in the course of a criminal investigation if at the
time of the exercise of the power the investigation is not being
conducted with a view to seeking a criminal prosecution.”

(5)

Omit subsection (3).

(6)

In subsection (6)—

(a)

at the appropriate place insert—

““
criminal conduct
means conduct which constitutes an offence under the law of any part of the United Kingdom,”;

(b)

for the definition of “regulatory power” substitute—

““
regulatory or supervisory power
means any power (however expressed) to obtain information or documents which—


(a)

is conferred by or under an enactment other than this
Act or the Regulation of Investigatory Powers 2000, and


(b)

is exercisable in connection with—


(i)

the regulation of persons or activities,


(ii)

the checking or monitoring of compliance with
requirements, prohibitions or standards imposed
by or under an enactment, or


(iii)

the enforcement of any requirement or
prohibition imposed by or under an enactment,”;

(c)

omit the definition of “relevant postal power”.

(7)

The Schedule reverses the effect of certain repeals of disclosure powers, and
makes consequential and supplementary provision.

Internet connection records

14 Internet connection records

(1)

Section 62 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (restrictions in relation to
internet connection records) is amended as follows.

(2)

In subsection (A2) for “or C” substitute “, C or D1”.

(3)

In subsection (2)—

(a)

after “authorisation” insert “under section 61 or 61A”;

(b)

for “or C” substitute “, C or D2”.

(4)

After subsection (5) insert—


“(5A)

Condition D1 is that—


(a)

the application is made by a relevant public authority which
is specified in column 1 of the table (see below), and


(b)

the Investigatory Powers Commissioner considers that it is
necessary, for a purpose described in the corresponding entry
in column 2 of the table, to identify which persons or
apparatuses are using one or more specified internet services
in a specified period.


1 (applicant)


2 (description(s) of purpose)


Security Service,
Secret Intelligence
Service or GCHQ


A purpose falling within subsection
(7)(a) or (c) of section 60A, or falling
within subsection (7)(b) of that section
by virtue of subsection (8)(a) of that
section.


National Crime
Agency


A purpose falling within subsection
(7)(b) of section 60A by virtue of
subsection (8)(a) of that section.


(5B)

Condition D2 is that—


(a)

the relevant public authority whose designated senior officer
has power to grant the authorisation is specified in column 1
of the table (see below), and


(b)

that officer considers that it is necessary, for a purpose
described in the corresponding entry in column 2 or 3 of the
table (as applicable), to identify which persons or apparatuses
are using one or more specified internet services in a specified
period.


1 (relevant public
authority)


2 (description of
purpose:
authorisation
under section 61)


3 (description of purpose:
authorisation under section
61A)


Security Service,
Secret
Intelligence
Service or
GCHQ


A purpose
falling within
section 61(7)(a)
or (c).


A purpose falling within
subsection (7)(a) of section
61A by virtue of
subsection (8)(a) of that
section.


National Crime
Agency


A purpose falling within
subsection (7)(a) of section
61A by virtue of
subsection (8)(a) of that
section.


(5C)

In subsections (5A) (b) and (5B) (b) “specified” means specified in the
application for the authorisation.”

Part 4 Notices

Retention notices

15 Powers to require retention of certain data

(1)

Section 87 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (powers to require retention
of certain data) is amended as follows.

(2)

In subsection (4)—

(a)

in the words before paragraph (a), after “data” insert “, other than
data which is, or can only be obtained by processing, an internet
connection record,”;

(b)

in paragraph (a), after “provided” insert “(solely or jointly with another
person)”;

(c)

after paragraph (a) insert—


“(aa)

does not relate to a relevant roaming service,”.

(3)

After subsection (4) insert—


“(4A)

In subsection (4) “relevant roaming service” means a
telecommunications service provided by the system operator under
an agreement with a telecommunications operator outside the United
Kingdom (the “non-UK operator”) which facilitates the use by persons
in the United Kingdom of the system operator’s telecommunication
system to access one or more telecommunications services of the
non-UK operator.”

(4)

In subsection (11), in the words after paragraph (e)—

(a)

for “and” substitute “(and”;

(b)

for “records” substitute “records)”.

16 Extra-territorial enforcement of retention notices etc

(1)

Part 4 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 95 (enforcement of notices and certain other requirements and
restrictions), in subsection (5), after “enforceable” insert “(whether or not the
person is in the United Kingdom)”.

(3)

In section 97 (extra-territorial application of Part 4), omit subsection (2).

Retention, national security and technical capability notices

17 Review of notices by the Secretary of State

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 90 (retention notices: review by the Secretary of State), for subsection
(4) substitute—


“(4)

Where a telecommunications operator refers a retention notice under
subsection (1)—


(a)

there is no requirement for the operator to comply with the
notice, so far as referred, and


(b)

subsection (4A) applies to the operator,


until the Secretary of State has reviewed the notice in accordance with
subsection (5).


(4A)

Where this subsection applies to a telecommunications operator, the
operator must not make any relevant changes to telecommunications
services or telecommunication systems to which obligations imposed
by the retention notice relate.


(4B)

In subsection (4A) “relevant change” means a change that, if
implemented, would have a negative effect on the capability of the
operator to provide any assistance which the operator may be required
to provide in relation to any warrant, authorisation or notice issued
or given under this Act.”

(3)

In section 95(5) (enforcement of retention notices etc), after “or (2)” insert “,
or under section 90 (4A) ,”.

(4)

In section 255(10) (enforcement of national security notices and technical
capability notices), in the opening words, for “subsection (9)” substitute
“subsection (8) or (9), or by section 257 (3A) ,”.

(5)

In section 257 (national security notices and technical capability notices: review
by the Secretary of State), for subsection (3) substitute—


“(3)

Where a person who is given a notice under section 252 or 253 refers
the notice under subsection (1)—


(a)

there is no requirement for the person to comply with the
notice, so far as referred, and


(b)

subsection (3A) applies to the person,


until the Secretary of State has reviewed the notice in accordance with
subsection (4).


(3A)

Where this subsection applies to a person, the person must not make
any relevant changes to telecommunications or postal services, or
telecommunication systems, to which obligations imposed by the notice
given under section 252 or 253 relate.


(3B)

In subsection (3A) “relevant change” means a change that, if
implemented, would have a negative effect on the capability of the
person to provide any assistance which the person may be required
to provide in relation to any warrant, authorisation or notice issued
or given under this Act.”

18 Meaning of “telecommunications operator” etc

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 261(10) (meaning of “telecommunications operator”)—

(a)

omit the “or” after paragraph (a);

(b)

after paragraph (b) insert “, or


(c)

controls or provides a telecommunication system
which—


(i)

is not (wholly or partly) in, or controlled from,
the United Kingdom, and


(ii)

is used by another person to offer or provide a
telecommunications service to persons in the
United Kingdom.”

(3)

In section 253 (technical capability notices)—

(a)

in subsection (1)(a)—

(i)

after “the operator”, in the first place it occurs, insert “or
another relevant operator”;

(ii)

for “the operator”, in the second place it occurs, substitute
“such operator”;

(b)

in subsection (2)(a), after “operator” insert “(to whom the notice is
given)”.

19 Renewal of notices

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended as follows.

(2)

In section 87 (powers to require retention of certain data), after subsection
(6) insert—


“(6A)

A retention notice ceases to have effect at the end of the relevant
period unless before the end of that period—


(a)

it is varied in accordance with section 94(4) so as to require
the retention of additional relevant communications data,


(b)

it is renewed (see section 94A ), or


(c)

it is revoked or otherwise ceases to have effect (see sections
90(10) and 94).


(6B)

In subsection (6A) the “relevant period” means the period of two years
beginning with—


(a)

in the case of a retention notice that has not been varied as
mentioned in subsection (6A) (a) or renewed, the day on which
the notice comes into force, or


(b)

in the case of a retention notice that has been so varied or
renewed, the day after the day at the end of which the retention
notice would have ceased to have effect if it had not been so
varied or renewed.”

(3)

In the italic heading before section 94, for “or revocation” substitute “,
revocation or renewal”.

(4)

After section 94 (but before the italic heading before section 95) insert—


“94A
Renewal of notices


(1)

If the renewal conditions are met, a retention notice may be renewed,
at any time during the renewal period, by a notice given by the
Secretary of State.


(2)

The renewal conditions are—


(a)

that the Secretary of State considers that the requirement in
the retention notice for a telecommunications operator to retain
relevant communications data is still necessary and
proportionate for one or more of the purposes falling within
sub-paragraphs (i) to (vi) of section 87(1)(a), and


(b)

that the decision to renew the notice has been approved by a
Judicial Commissioner.


(3)

The renewal period means the period of 30 days ending with the day
at the end of which the retention notice would otherwise cease to have
effect.


(4)

The Secretary of State must give, or publish, notice of the renewal in
such manner as the Secretary of State considers appropriate for
bringing the renewal to the attention of the telecommunications
operator (or description of operators) to whom it relates.


(5)

Sections 87(10), 88, 89 and 90 apply in relation to the renewal of a
retention notice as they apply in relation to the giving of a retention
notice.”

(5)

In section 255 (further provision about national security notices and technical
capability notices), after subsection (5) insert—


“(5A)

A relevant notice ceases to have effect at the end of the relevant period
unless before the end of that period—


(a)

it is varied in accordance with section 256(4)(c) or (5)(c) so as
to impose further requirements on the person to whom the
notice was given,


(b)

it is renewed (see section 256A ), or


(c)

it is revoked or otherwise ceases to have effect (see section
256).


(5B)

In subsection (5A) the “relevant period” means the period of two years
beginning with—


(a)

in the case of a relevant notice that has not been varied as
mentioned in subsection (5A) (a) or renewed, the day on which
the notice was given, or


(b)

in the case of a relevant notice that has been so varied or
renewed, the day after the day at the end of which the relevant
notice would have ceased to have effect if it had not been so
varied or renewed.”

(6)

After section 256 insert—


“256A
Renewal of notices


(1)

If the renewal conditions are met, a relevant notice may be renewed,
at any time during the renewal period, by a notice given by the
Secretary of State.


(2)

The renewal conditions for a national security notice given under
section 252 are that—


(a)

the Secretary of State considers that the notice is still necessary
in the interests of national security,


(b)

the Secretary of State considers that the conduct required by
the notice is still proportionate to what is sought to be achieved
by that conduct, and


(c)

the decision to renew the notice has been approved by a
Judicial Commissioner.


(3)

The renewal conditions for a technical capability notice given under
section 253 are that—


(a)

the Secretary of State considers that the notice is still necessary
for securing that the relevant operator has the capability to
provide any assistance which the operator may be required to
provide in relation to any relevant authorisation,


(b)

the Secretary of State considers that the conduct required by
the notice is still proportionate to what is sought to be achieved
by that conduct, and


(c)

the decision to renew the notice has been approved by a
Judicial Commissioner.


(4)

The renewal period means the period of 30 days ending with the day
at the end of which the relevant notice would otherwise cease to have
effect.


(5)

If the Secretary of State renews a relevant notice given to any person,
the Secretary of State must give that person notice in writing of the
renewal.


(6)

Sections 254, 255(2) to (4) and (7) and 257 apply in relation to the
renewal of a relevant notice as they apply in relation to the giving of
a relevant notice.


(7)

Section 255(6) applies to any notice of the renewal of a technical
capability notice as it applies to a technical capability notice.


(8)

In this section—


relevant authorisation
has the meaning given by section 253;


relevant notice
means—


(a)

a national security notice under section 252, or


(b)

a technical capability notice under section 253;


relevant operator
has the meaning given by section 253.”

Notification of proposed changes to telecommunications services etc

20 Notification of proposed changes to telecommunications services etc

(1)

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is amended in accordance with subsections
(2)
and (3) .

(2)

After section 258 (but before the italic heading before section 259) insert—


“258A
Notification of proposed changes to telecommunications services etc


(1)

The Secretary of State may give a relevant operator a notice in writing
under this section requiring the operator to notify the Secretary of
State of any proposals of the operator to make any relevant changes
specified in the notice.


(2)

In this section “relevant change” means a change—


(a)

to a service or system within subsection (3) , and


(b)

that is specified in regulations made by the Secretary of State
as a change that may be included in a notice given under this
section.


(3)

The following are within this subsection—


(a)

telecommunications services offered or provided by the
operator;


(b)

telecommunication systems controlled or provided by the
operator;


(c)

postal services provided by the operator.


(4)

Regulations under subsection (2) may in particular specify changes
by reference to the impact of the changes on the capability of a relevant
operator to provide any assistance which the operator may be required
to provide in relation to any warrant, authorisation or notice issued
or given under this Act.


(5)

The Secretary of State may give a relevant operator a notice under
this section only if the Secretary of State considers that—


(a)

the notice is necessary for maintaining the capability of the
relevant operator to provide any assistance which the operator
may be required to provide in relation to any warrant,
authorisation or notice issued or given under this Act, and


(b)

the conduct required by the notice is proportionate to what is
sought to be achieved by that conduct.


(6)

Before giving a notice under this section, the Secretary of State must
among other matters take into account—


(a)

the likely benefits of the notice,


(b)

the likely number of users (if known) of any postal or
telecommunications service to which the notice relates,


(c)

the likely cost of complying with the notice, and


(d)

any other effect of the notice on the operator to whom it relates.


(7)

Before giving a notice under this section to a relevant operator, the
Secretary of State must consult that operator.


(8)

A person to whom a notice is given under this section, or any person
employed or engaged for the purposes of that person's business, must
not disclose the existence or contents of the notice to any other person
without the permission of the Secretary of State.


(9)

A relevant operator to whom a notice is given under this section must
comply with the notice a reasonable time before making any relevant
changes to which the notice relates.


(10)

The duty imposed by subsection (8) or (9) is enforceable by civil
proceedings by the Secretary of State for an injunction, or for specific
performance of a statutory duty under section 45 of the Court of
Session Act 1988, or for any other appropriate relief.


(11)

In this section “relevant operator” means—


(a)

a postal operator,


(b)

a telecommunications operator, or


(c)

a person who is proposing to become a postal operator or a
telecommunications operator,


who meets the condition in subsection (12) .


(12)

The condition in this subsection is that the operator or person provides
(or has provided) assistance in relation to any warrant, authorisation
or notice issued or given under this Act.


258B
Variation and revocation of notices given under section 258A


(1)

In this section “relevant notice” means a notice given under section
258A
.


(2)

The Secretary of State may—


(a)

vary a relevant notice;


(b)

revoke a relevant notice (whether wholly or in part).


(3)

The Secretary of State may vary a relevant notice only if the Secretary
of State considers that—


(a)

the notice, as varied, is necessary for maintaining the capability
of the relevant operator to provide any assistance which the
operator may be required to provide in relation to any warrant,
authorisation or notice issued or given under this Act, and


(b)

the conduct required by the notice, as varied, is proportionate
to what is sought to be achieved by that conduct.


(4)

If the Secretary of State varies or revokes a relevant notice given to
any person, the Secretary of State must give that person notice in
writing of the variation or revocation.


(5)

The fact that a relevant notice has been revoked in relation to a
particular person does not prevent the giving of another relevant notice
of the same kind in relation to the same person.


(6)

Subsections (6) and (7) of section 258A apply in relation to varying or
revoking a relevant notice as they apply in relation to giving a relevant
notice.


(7)

Any reference in this section or section 258A (8) or (9) to a notice given
under section 258A includes a reference to such a notice as varied
under this section.”

(3)

In section 267(3) (regulations)—

(a)

omit the “or” after paragraph (j);

(b)

after that paragraph insert—


“(ja)

section 258A (2) , or”.

(4)

The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 is amended as follows.

(5)

In section 65 (the Tribunal)—

(a)

in subsection (5)(czi)—

(i)

for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”;

(ii)

for “or technical capability” substitute “, technical capability or
proposed changes to telecommunications services etc”;

(b)

in subsection (5)(czl)(iii), for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”;

(c)

in subsection (8)(bc), for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”.

(6)

In section 67 (exercise of the Tribunal’s jurisdiction), in subsection (7)(azc),
for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”.

(7)

In section 68 (Tribunal procedure)—

(a)

in subsection (5)(b), for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”;

(b)

in subsection (7)(f), for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”;

(c)

in subsection (7)(ha), for “or 253” substitute “, 253 or 258A”.

Part 5 Miscellaneous

Members of Parliament etc

21 Interception and examination of communications: Members of Parliament etc

(1)

Section 26 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (interception and examination
of communications: Members of Parliament etc) is amended as follows.

(2)

In subsection (2)—

(a)

the words “the Prime Minister” become paragraph (a);

(b)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

if conditions A and B are met, an individual (other than
that Secretary of State) designated by the Prime Minister
under this section.”

(3)

After subsection (2) insert—


“(2A)

Condition A is that the Prime Minister is unavailable to decide whether
to give approval under subsection (2).


(2B)

Condition B is that the Secretary of State or a senior official considers
that there is an urgent need for the decision (as to whether to give
such approval) to be made.


(2C)

The Prime Minister may designate an individual under this section
only if the individual holds the office of Secretary of State.


(2D)

A designation under this section ends—


(a)

when the individual ceases to hold the office of Secretary of
State, or


(b)

if earlier, when revoked by the Prime Minister.


(2E)

In this section “senior official” means a member of the Senior Civil
Service or a member of the Senior Management Structure of His
Majesty's Diplomatic Service.”

22 Equipment interference: Members of Parliament etc

(1)

Section 111 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (equipment interference:
Members of Parliament etc) is amended as follows.

(2)

In subsection (3)—

(a)

the words “the Prime Minister” become paragraph (a);

(b)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

if conditions A and B are met, an individual (other than
that Secretary of State) designated by the Prime Minister
under this section.”

(3)

In subsection (6)—

(a)

the words “the Prime Minister” become paragraph (a);

(b)

after that paragraph insert “, or


(b)

if conditions A and B are met, an individual (other than
that Secretary of State) designated by the Prime Minister
under this section.”

(4)

After subsection (7) insert—


“(7A)

Condition A is that the Prime Minister is unavailable to decide whether
to give approval under subsection (3) or (as the case may be) (6).


(7B)

Condition B is that the Secretary of State or a senior official considers
that there is an urgent need for the decision (as to whether to give
such approval) to be made.


(7C)

The Prime Minister may designate an individual under this section
only if the individual holds the office of Secretary of State.


(7D)

A designation under this section ends—


(a)

when the individual ceases to hold the office of Secretary of
State, or


(b)

if earlier, when revoked by the Prime Minister.”

Equipment interference

23 Issue of equipment interference warrants

(1)

Part 1 of the table in Schedule 6 to the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (issue
of warrants under section 106 etc) is amended in accordance with subsections
(2)
and (3) .

(2)

In the entry relating to the Chief Constable of a police force maintained under
section 2 of the Police Act 1996, in the second column—

(a)

for “section 12A(1) of the Police Act 1996” substitute “section 41(1) of
the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011”;

(b)

for “section 12A(2)” substitute “section 41(5)”.

(3)

In the entry relating to the Director General of the National Crime Agency—

(a)

in the first column, after “General” insert “or a Deputy Director
General”;

(b)

in the second column, after “General” insert “or a Deputy Director
General”.

(4)

In section 107(3) of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (restriction on issue of
warrants to certain law enforcement officers)—

(a)

after “General”, in the first place it occurs, insert “or a Deputy Director
General”;

(b)

after “General”, in the second place it occurs, insert “or the Deputy
Director General (as the case may be)”.

24 Modification of equipment interference warrants


In section 121 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (notification of
modifications), after subsection (3) insert—


“(4)

But subsection (3) does not apply where the modification—


(a)

is made in accordance with section 119(1), and


(b)

is to remove any matter, name or description included in the
warrant in accordance with section 115(3) to (5).”

25 Issue of targeted examination warrants to intelligence services


In section 102 of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (power to issue warrants
to intelligence services: the Secretary of State), for subsection (4) substitute—


“(4)

But the Secretary of State may not issue a targeted examination warrant
under subsection (3) if—


(a)

the Secretary of State considers that the only ground for
considering the warrant to be necessary is for the purpose of
preventing or detecting serious crime, and


(b)

the warrant, if issued, would relate only to a person who would
be in Scotland at the time of the issue of the warrant or whom
the Secretary of State believes would be in Scotland at that
time.


For the power of the Scottish Ministers to issue a targeted examination
warrant, see section 103.”

Exclusion of matters from legal proceedings etc: exceptions

26 Exclusion of matters from legal proceedings etc: exceptions

(1)

Schedule 3 to the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (exceptions to section 56) is
amended as follows.

(2)

After paragraph 12 insert—


“Proceedings relating to release of prisoners etc in England and Wales


12A

(1)

Section 56(1) does not apply in relation to—


(a)

any proceedings before the Parole Board, or


(b)

any proceedings arising out of such proceedings.


(2)

But sub-paragraph (1) does not permit the disclosure of anything
to—


(a)

any person, other than the Secretary of State, who is or was
a party to the proceedings, or


(b)

any person who—


(i)

represents such a person for the purposes of the
proceedings, and


(ii)

does so otherwise than by virtue of appointment as
a special advocate.”

(3)

After paragraph 24 insert—


“25

(1)

Nothing in section 56(1) prohibits—


(a)

a disclosure to a relevant coroner conducting an NI
investigation or inquest, or


(b)

a disclosure to a qualified person—


(i)

appointed as legal adviser to an inquest conducted
by the coroner, or


(ii)

employed under section 11(3) of the Coroners Act
(Northern Ireland) 1959 (c. 15) (“the 1959 Act”) by a
relevant coroner to assist the coroner in an
investigation conducted by the coroner,


where, in the course of the investigation or inquest, the relevant
coroner (“C”) has ordered the disclosure to be made to C alone or
(as the case may be) to C and any qualified person appointed or
employed by C as mentioned in paragraph (b) .


(2)

A relevant coroner may order a disclosure under sub-paragraph (1)
only if the coroner considers that the exceptional circumstances of
the case make the disclosure essential in the interests of justice.


(3)

In a case where a coroner (“C”) conducting, or who has been
conducting, an NI investigation or inquest is not a relevant coroner,
nothing in section 56(1) prohibits—


(a)

a disclosure to C that there is intercepted material in
existence which is, or may be, relevant to the investigation
or inquest;


(b)

a disclosure to a qualified person appointed by C as legal
adviser to the inquest or employed by C under section 11(3)
of the 1959 Act to assist C in the investigation, which is made
for the purposes of determining—


(i)

whether any intercepted material is, or may be,
relevant to the investigation, and


(ii)

if so, whether it is necessary for the material to be
disclosed to the person conducting the investigation.


(4)

In sub-paragraph (3) “intercepted material” means—


(a)

any content of an intercepted communication (within the
meaning of section 56), or


(b)

any secondary data obtained from a communication.


(5)

In this paragraph—


the 1959 Act
has the meaning given by sub-paragraph (1) ;


coroner
means a coroner appointed under section 2 of the
1959 Act;


NI investigation or inquest
means an investigation under
section 11(1) of the 1959 Act or an inquest under section 13
or 14 of that Act;


qualified person
means a member of the Bar of Northern
Ireland, or a solicitor of the Court of Judicature of Northern
Ireland);


relevant coroner
means a coroner who is a judge of the High
Court or of a county court in Northern Ireland.


26

(1)

Nothing in section 56(1) prohibits—


(a)

a disclosure to a relevant person conducting an inquiry under
the Inquiries into Fatal Accidents and Sudden Deaths etc.
(Scotland) Act 2016 (2016 asp 2) (“IFASDA 2016”), or


(b)

a disclosure to a qualified person appointed under section
24 of that Act to assist a relevant person in the inquiry,


where, in the course of the inquiry, the person conducting the
inquiry has ordered the disclosure to be made to that person alone
or (as the case may be) to that person and any qualified person
appointed to assist a relevant person in the inquiry.


(2)

A relevant person may order a disclosure under sub-paragraph (1)
only if the person considers that the exceptional circumstances of
the case make the disclosure essential in the interests of justice.


(3)

Nothing in section 56(1) prohibits—


(a)

a disclosure to a relevant person conducting an inquiry under
IFASDA 2016, or


(b)

a disclosure to a qualified person appointed under section
24 of that Act to assist a relevant person in the inquiry,


that there is intercepted material in existence which is, or may be,
relevant to the inquiry.


(4)

In sub-paragraph (3) “intercepted material” means—


(a)

any content of an intercepted communication (within the
meaning of section 56), or


(b)

any secondary data obtained from a communication.


(5)

In this paragraph “relevant person” means—


(a)

a sheriff principal,


(b)

a temporary sheriff principal, or


(c)

a sheriff or part-time sheriff (but not a summary sheriff or
part-time summary sheriff) designated as a specialist under
section 37(1) or (3) of IFASDA 2016.


(6)

In this paragraph “qualified person” means an advocate or solicitor;
and “advocate” and “solicitor” have the same meaning as in IFASDA
2016 (see section 40 of that Act).”

Freedom of information

27 Freedom of information: bodies dealing with security matters


In section 23(3) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (information supplied
by, or relating to, bodies dealing with security matters), after paragraph (o)
insert—


“(p)

a Judicial Commissioner within the meaning of the Investigatory
Powers Act 2016 (see section 263(1) of that Act).”

Part 6 General

28 Power to make consequential provision

(1)

The Secretary of State may by regulations made by statutory instrument make
provision that is consequential on this Act.

(2)

Regulations under subsection (1) may, in particular, amend or repeal provision
made by or under an Act passed before, or in the same session as, this Act.

(3)

A statutory instrument containing (whether alone or with other provision)
regulations under this section which amend or repeal an Act may not be
made unless a draft of the instrument has been laid before, and approved by
a resolution of, each House of Parliament.

(4)

Any other statutory instrument containing regulations under this section is
subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of
Parliament.

29 Extent

(1)

This Act extends to England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, subject
as follows.

(2)

Any amendment or repeal made by this Act has the same extent within the
United Kingdom as the provision amended or repealed.

(3)

The power under section 272(6) of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 may be
exercised so as to extend to the Isle of Man or any of the British overseas
territories any amendment or repeal made by or under this Act of any part
of that Act (with or without modifications).

30 Commencement

(1)

This Part comes into force on the day on which this Act is passed.

(2)

The other provisions of this Act come into force on such day as the Secretary
of State may by regulations made by statutory instrument appoint.

(3)

Different days may be appointed for different purposes.

(4)

The Secretary of State may by regulations made by statutory instrument make
transitional or saving provision in connection with the coming into force of
any provision of this Act.

(5)

The power to make regulations under subsection (4) includes power to make
different provision for different purposes.

31 Short title


This Act may be cited as the Investigatory Powers (Amendment) Act 2024.

Schedule

Section 13

Disclosure powers

Part 1 Restoration of disclosure powers

Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974

1

In section 20 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 (powers of
inspectors), omit subsections (9) and (10).

Criminal Justice Act 1987

2

In section 2 of the Criminal Justice Act 1987 (investigation of powers of
the Director of Serious Fraud Office), omit subsections (10A) and (10B).

Consumer Protection Act 1987

3

In section 29 of the Consumer Protection Act 1987 (powers of search etc),
omit subsections (8) and (9).

Environmental Protection Act 1990

4

In section 71 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 (obtaining of
information from persons and authorities), omit subsections (5) and (6).

Financial Services and Markets Act 2000

5

In section 175 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (information
gathering and investigations: supplemental provision), omit subsections
(5A) and (5B).

Part 2 Consequential amendments

6

In consequence of paragraphs 1 to 5 omit paragraphs 1 to 4 and 9 of
Schedule 2 to the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (abolition of disclosure
powers).

Investigatory Powers (Amendment) Bill [HL]
[As amended in Committee]

A

bill

to

Amend the Investigatory Powers Act 2016; to make provision about information supplied by, or relating to, the Judicial Commissioners; and for connected purposes.

Lord Sharpe of Epsom

Ordered to be Printed, .

© Parliamentary copyright House of Lords 2023

This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament Licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright

Published by the authority of the House of Lords